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Could humans ever travel to other galaxies within their lifetime? The immense scale of the Universe seems to prohibit such voyages, after all the nearest galaxy is so far away that it takes light itself — the fastest thing in the Universe — 2.5 million years to complete the trip. Remarkably, there is a trick that might allow humans to accomplish this feat — join us today as we step onboard the constantly accelerating spaceship!
Written and presented by Professor David Kipping.
You can now support our research program and the Cool Worlds Lab at Columbia University: www.coolworldslab.com/support
Chapters
0:00 — Prologue
2:57 — A Journey to Alpha Centauri
11:27 — Returning from Distant Shores
21:12 — Onward to the End
Stephen Hawking thought an asteroid impact posed the greatest threat to life on Earth. Thanks to Kiwico for sponsoring this video. For 50% off your first month of any crate, go to kiwico.com/veritasium50
For other potential world ending catastrophes, check out Domain of Science: ve42.co/DoS
Special thanks to:
Prof. Dave Jewitt from UCLA Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences
Prof. Mark Boslough from Sandia National Labs
Scott Manley: www.youtube.com/user/szyzyg
Ryan Wyatt at Morrison Planetarium
Prof. Amy Mainzer
Alexandr Ivanov for the opening shot of Chelyabinsk Meteor
What would we see if we could journey through time, from Earth’s birth up to its death? Join us today on a voyage through time, from planetary creation to the blossoming of life, from the first civilizations to the planet’s ultimate demise.
Revised edition: youtu.be/SkeNMoDlHUU
This is a documentary which portrays the birth of the solar system, the birth of the Earth, and the emergence and evolution of life on Earth depicted through latest research activities.
Executive producer: prof. Shigenori Maruyama. Supported by Hadean Bioscience Project.
1. The Origin of the Earth. 00:00
4.567 billion years ago: The formation of the Solar System.
4.56 billion years:ago: The formation of the Earth.
4.55 billion years ago: Giant impact.
2. Initiation of Plate Tectonics. 02:53
4.37-4.20 billion years ago: The formation of the atmosphere and ocean.
4.37-4.20 billion years ago: The initiation plate tectonics.
3. Birth of Proto-life. 06:57
4.10(4.20?) billion years ago: The birth of first proto-life.
4. The Initial Stage of Life. 10:53
4.37-4.20 billion years ago: The loss of the primordial continent and the generation of a strong geomagnetic field.
4.20 billion years ago: The emergence of sun-powered life.
4.10 billion tears ago: Mass extinction.
5. Second Stage of Evolution of Life. 16:36
2.90 billion years ago: The emergence of photosynthetic life.
2.70 billion years ago: Mantle overturn.
6. Third Stage of the Evolution of Life. 20:35
2.30 billion years ago: Mass extinction by snowball Earth.
2.10 billion years ago: From prokaryotes to eukaryotes.
7: The Dawn of the Cambrian Explosion. 25:07
1.90-0.80 billion tears ago: The Formation of a Supercontinent.
700-600 million years ago: The Sturtian Glaciation
700-600 million years ago: The Leaking Earth.
8: The Cambrian Explosion. 30:57
640 million years ago: The Origin of Multicellular Life. The Marinoan Glaciation.
580 million years ago: Appearance of Ediacaran Fauna. The Gaskiers Glaciation.
550 million years ago: Evolution Responds to Environmental Changes
540 million years ago: The First Cambrian Organisms
9: The Paleozoic Era. 37:06
600 million years ago: Expanding Habitats.
540 million years ago: The Co-evolution of Planets and Insects
550-540 million years ago: The Evolution of Vertebrates
260-250 million years ago: The Largest Mass extinction of the Phanerozoic Eon. Collision with a Dark nebula
10: From the Mesozoic to the birth of human beings. 43:23
Dispersion and amalgamation of continents, and the evolution of life.
The birth of primates.
11: The Humanozoic eon: the appearance of human beings and civilization. 50:26
Evolution into primates.
The birth of human beings, the fourth animal category: the Humanozoic eon.
10000 years ago: The Agricultural Revolution.
5000 years ago: The Urban Revolution.
2400 years ago: The Religious Revolution.
300 years ago: The Industrial Revolution.
The Information Revolution.
12: Future of the Earth. 57:54
Challenges for Human society.
Future of Human society.
Future of the Earth.
200 million years later: Formation of the supercontinent.
400 million years later: Extinction of the C4 plants.
1 billion years later: Cessation of plate tectonics.
1.5 billion years later: Disappearance of the ocean.
4.5 billion years later: Collision between the Milky Way Galaxy and the Andromeda Galaxy.
8 billion years later: Annihilation of the Earth.
@Kaoru GreenEmerald
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Matt Parker and a team of Domino Computer Builders balanced over 10,000 dominoes in a carefully designed circuit. The result was a Domino Computer capable of automatically adding numbers. It can take any two four-digit binary numbers and return the five-digit binary sum.
Computer design:
Matt Parker, Katie Steckles, Paul Taylor, Andrew Taylor, Siân Fryer
Builders:
Ben Curtis, Becky Smedley, Mike Bell, Blair Lavelle, Andrew Pontzen, Jonathan Sanderson, Elin Roberts, Chris Roberts, Ben Ashforth, Gillian Kiernan, David Julyan
Thanks to Marieke Navin, Natalie Ireland, Nicola Frost and everyone at the Museum of Science and Industry who made this possible. www.mosi.org.uk/
Huge thanks to Jonathan Sanderson at StoryCog for making the video. storycog.com/
Sailors Lament by Audionautix is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Artist: audionautix.com/